Descriptive Research Vs Analytical Research Economics Essay

Descriptive look for Vs Analytical query Economics EssayMalaysia began develop its construction manufacturing since independence. More than half of capital formation consists of work up in construction (Lewis, 1955). Hence, the expansion of capital is a function the post at which the construction industry dirty dog be expanded. This can be seen in the initial economic plan (1956-1960) where it was basically a development expenditure plan. The primary concern was developing infrastructure during independence because of its inadequacy. In target for the nations prudence to prosper, the construction industry has to be developed first for the economic system to take a angiotensin-converting enzyme step further (Abdul Razak Bin Ibrahim, 1999).The Malaysian construction industry is generally separated into two atomic number 18asGeneral constructionIt comprises residential construction, non-residential construction and civil engineering construction.Special trade worksIt comprise s activities of metal works, electrical works, plumbing, sewage and sanitary works, refrigeration and air-conditioning works, painting works, carpentry, tiling and flooring works, glass works and etc.The construction industry makes up an important part of the Malaysian economy due to the issue forth of industry linked to it such as those for basic metal products and electrical machinery. Hence, the construction industry could be described as a substantial economic driver for Malaysia (Abdul Razak Bin Ibrahim, 1999).According to Productivity Report 2011/2012, analysis of productiveness growth over three year intervals (2007-2009 and 2009-2011) showed that Malaysia achieved higher productiveness growth during the later period (2.8%) as compargond to the earlier period (1.9%). However, over a five year period, the growth was 3.2% as showed in Table 1.1. enroll 1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Employment and Productivity emersion, 2007-2011Table 1. Productivity and GDP Growth, 2007- 2011Productivity growth of the construction sector grew by 3.1% to RM 24,635 in 2011 from RM 23,898 in 2010 (Figure 1.2). The implementation of Industrialised Building System (IBS) in major projects, residential and non-residential sub-sectors contributed to the productivity of the construction sector (Malaysia Productivity Corporation, 2012).Figure 1. Productivity Level and Growth of the Construction Sector, 2007-2011Through the Productivity Report 2011/2012, it reflects that the construction sector is in a rapid growth phase, having expanded by nearly 19% on an annual basis in the first half of 2012. According to the governments figures, the sector get out manage growth of 15.5% in 2012 as a whole, up from 4.6% in 2011. In 2013 it is forecast to grow by a further 11.2%, a projection that is in line with Timetrics forecasts (Richards, 2012).Construction industry plays an important role in generating wealth and improving the quality of life for Malaysian through the translation of governments socio-economic policies into social and economic infrastructure and buildings. The demand for property or housing is increasingly from times to times either due to increase in population, immigration or investment purpose. In cast to fulfil the demand, supply of housing or early(a) property has to be increased. Besides, after the announcement regarding My First Home Scheme by the Government in Budget 2011, the desires of the youngsters to own a theatre of operations are stronger.As the demand is higher, the construction industry has to embark more projects such as residential development to obtain the demand. The construction industry creates a multiplier effect to other industries, including manufacturing, financial services, and professional services. In order to run a project, human resources such as moils and the professionals like Quantity Surveyor, Architect, and necessitate are required.Although there is increase in number of human resources, construction p roductivity is one of the issues to be concerned. Construction tug productivity is often influenced by variations in work conditions and management effectiveness. It is substantially important to understand the nature and extent to which individual parameters incite productivity.Rationale for the questionThe construction industry plays a significant role in all developed and developing countries. Due to its critical importance to the profitability of most construction projects, productivity is regarded as one of the most frequently discussed topics in the construction industry (Hancher DE, 1998).Construction productivity is always related to how well, how quickly, and at what cost buildings and infrastructure can be constructed. It will directly affect prices for homes and consumer goods and the robustness of the national economy. Construction productivity will also affect the outcomes of national efforts resources to develop high-performance green buildings and to remain agonis tic in the global market.Construction productivity has been steadily on the decline over the last decade and construction labour efficiency has often been cited as low (Stokes, 1980). The level of productivity in construction showed a decreasing rate compared to other sectors (Bernstein, 2007). Many studies shed attempted to improve construction labour productivity via different ways for examples, proveing the factors affecting construction labour productivity, measuring and evaluating labour productivity modelling construction labour productivity and examine labour productivity based on economic considerations or costs.Construction workers are not machines, always behaving the same way under the same conditions. as yet under apparently identical work conditions, different productivity values might be obtained. The productivity for the same work item is not ceaseless throughout the construction period, and varies at different stages of the production (Lam, 2001). Variability i s shown to be a key factor in the behaviour of construction labour productivity (Thomas Hr, 1999). In addition, the effect of the factors on productivity may vary from task to task. Although some factors could have similar influences on the productivity of a number of tasks, their rate of impact on productivity may be different (Sonmez R, 1998).Labour productivity is said as the factor affecting the construction productivity. In order to further improve construction productivity, continuous efforts have to be put in from times to times to secern the factors affect labour productivity, the effects of poor labour productivity and the ways to improve labour productivity.Are labourers the main cause in affecting construction productivity? Are the factors caused by labourers themselves or their superiors or surrounding environments or other reasons? Have anyone do really put in their efforts to improve the construction labour productivity? How labour productivity affect the entire const ruction productivity?Queries on construction labour productivity are appearing continuously. Throughout this research, readers should have a depth mind on construction labour productivity.Aim and ObjectivesIn order to find out the resultant of queries on construction labour productivity, the aim for this track is to study the issues on construction labour productivity in Malaysia. This can be achieved by study the objectives belowTo investigate the factors affect the construction labour productivity.To identify the consequences caused by construction labour productivity.To recommend ways for improvement on construction labour productivity.Scope and LimitationThis research is delimited to construction labour productivity and will focus on Malaysian construction industry. The info for this research will made up of general construction workers, site supervisors, contractors, cadence surveyors and developers mainly in Kuala Lumpur area. Respondents are expected to have varying leve ls of construction experience, training and knowledge so that a selective information that closely mirrored the up-to-the-minute make-up of the construction workforce can be collected. 100 laids of survey forms will be distributed and 50 sets of survey forms expected to be completed.Chapter OutlineThis report consists of 5 chapters. There areChapter 1 IntroductionIn this chapter, roles of construction industry towards economics and construction productivity will be described. Besides, in this chapter, aim and objectives will be discussed as well as overview of current construction labour productivity.Chapter 2 books ReviewThe literature on the performance blast will be reviewed in this chapter. It will illustrate existing literature and research work related to construction labour productivity. Definition of labour productivity, factors affect labour productivity, its effects and solutions will be described.Chapter 3 Research MethodologyIn this chapter, introduction and definiti on of research, type of research, data collection methods, research radiation diagram and data analysis method will be discussed in order to achieve the aim and objectives of this study.Chapter 4 Findings and DiscussionsResults from survey questionnaires will be analyzed and discussed in this chapter. The survey questionnaire is aimed to obtain labour, consultants, contractors and developers or clients view of opinion on construction labour productivity in Malaysian construction industry. In addition, personal audience will be conducted to obtain more information on construction labour productivity.Chapter 5 Conclusions and RecommendationsThis chapter will outline the research purposes, summary of this study, and recommendations for future study.Literature ReviewResearch MethodologyIntroductionBased on Oxford Dictionaries, research is defined as a systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and progress new conclusions (Oxford Dic tionaries). The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English defines the meaning of research as a careful investigation or question specially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge (The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English, 1952). Redman and Mory had defined research as a systematized effort to gain new knowledge (Mory, 1923).In this chapter, types of research, data collection methods, research design and data analysis will be discussed. The research method for this study to achieve the aim and objectives will be described in this chapter.Types of ResearchGenerally, the basic types of research are as followApplied/ legal action Research vs Fundamental ResearchDescriptive Research vs Analytical ResearchQuantitative Research vs Qualitative ResearchConceptual Research vs experiential ResearchApplied/ Action Research vs Fundamental ResearchApplied or action research is carried out to find solution to solve problems facing by a society or a business or i ndustrial organisation. However, fundamental research which is also known as basic or sharp research is mainly concern on assembleing of knowledge for knowledges sake without any intention to apply it in practice.Descriptive Research vs Analytical ResearchDescriptive research is a surveys and fact-finding investigation. It is aims to describe the characteristics of individual, situation or a group or the state of affairs as it exists at present. investigator has no control over the variables and researcher has to report the actual conditions. On the other hand, analytical research is a critical evaluation based on information that is available and primarily concerned with testing hypothesis specifying and interpreting relationships by analyze the facts or existing information.Quantitative Research vs Qualitative ResearchQuantitative research is objective in nature. It is defined as an inquiry into a social or human problem, based on testing a hypothesis or a theory composed of va riables, measured with numbers, and analysed with statistical procedures, in order to determine whether the hypothesis or the theory hold certain (Creswell, 1994). Quantitative data are hard and reliable they are measurements of tangible, countable, sensate features of the world (Bouma and Atkinson, 1995). In short, quantitative research is measuring the quantity or amount of particular phenomena by the use of statistical analysis. On the other hand, qualitative research is subjective in nature. It is a non-quantitative type of analysis which is aimed at finding out the quality of a particular phenomenon. It emphasises meanings, experiences, description and etc (Naoum, 1998).Conceptual Research vs Empirical ResearchConceptual research is related to some abstract ideas or theories. It is generally used by philosophers and thinkers to develop new concepts or to reinterpret existing ones, whereas, empirical research relies on experience or observation alone. Empirical research is aime d at coming up with conclusions without due regard for system and theory. Empirical research is appropriate when proof is sought that certain variables affect other variables in some way.Data CollectionStatistical tools are used to transform data into useful information. However, data must be available in the lead the decision maker can use the statistical tools. Data are available from many sources, both within the company or site. There are several ways of collecting appropriate data which differ considerably in context of money costs, time and other resources at the disposal of the researcher. The sources of data collection can be categorized into primary data and subsidiary data.Primary data refers to the raw data that collected through experiments or questionnaire surveys, where secondary data refers to the data obtained from site daily, progress report, progress payment, national productivity statistics. The major advantage of primary data is accuracy of data because it is c ollected by the researcher but it is costly and time consuming. Secondary data is quicker and cheaper as compared to primary data but the data may not meet the specific needs.If the researcher conducts an experiment, he can observes some quantitative measurements or data with the help of the truth in hypothesis that has made earlier. However in the case of survey, data can be collected through observation, personal interview, telephone interview, survey questionnaire or case studies.Observation is the simple way to gather data without interviewing respondents. The information obtained relates to current condition and is not complicated by either past behaviour or future intentions or attitudes of respondents. Undeniable, this method can obtain accurate information but it is time consuming, costly, and sometimes, people reluctant to cooperate.During personal interview, interviewer follows a rigid procedure and seeks answers to a set of pre-conceived questions through personal intervi ews. The data obtained through personal interview is usually carried out in a structured way where output depends upon the ability of the interviewer to a large extent. call in interview can obtain data rapidly with relatively low cost compared to others and do not require travelling for face-to-face contact. It can reach wide range of respondents. However, as this method is carried out through telephone, the respondents might not will to share opinions with strangers or they may tell lie. Thus, this is not equal for long survey as respondents might feel annoying and difficult to prove the validity of survey.Survey questionnaire can be posted to the respondents together with self-stamped answer sheets or via on-line survey. This method is widely used. This the cheapest way to obtain data and can reach respondents working outstation. The survey question can be set up to 5 pages. However, the cons are that the rate of response is low, answers may be biased and respondents take longer time to respond.For case studies, cross comparison of cases have to be done in order to have fully understanding on clients experiences in a program. It fully depicts clients experience in program input, surgery and results. It is powerful means to portray program to outsiders. However, it is time consuming either to collect, organize or describe. It represents depth of information rather than breadth.In short, there are different types of method to collect data with their own pros and cons. Time, cost and accuracy are the main constrains to choose an appropriate data collection method. Few data collection methods can be chosen at the same time to obtain maximum accuracy.Research DesignData AnalysisConclusion